Your opinion on CBT is very interesting, I also had a similar problem with it when I first started it as treatment. I always found that the thought that mental problems are caused by cognitive distortions is not always true
Burns popularized CBT to the general public at just right moment in retrospect. The 1975 film adaptation of "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" had demonized electroconvulsive therapy in a way so effective that Hollyweird has never stopped stigmatizing it. (Tim Burton's 2012 movie version of Dark Shadows was also guilty of depicting ECT in a derogatory way.) Prozac would not be approved by the FDA until December 1987, after which that SSRI immediately took off in sales and usage, further spurred by the success of Peter Kramer's 1992 runaway bestseller, "Listening to Prozac" (which captured my early 1997 first response to Prozac perfectly).
Dave Burns is an extremely talented individual therapist, and "Feeling Good" was a brilliantly written and easily followed manual which triggered other books for the public by his mentors on CBT like Gary Emery and Tim Beck through the 1980's, but even Burns admitted the limitations of CBT at the conclusion of "Feeling Good" with his mention of "The search for the black bile," physical causes for depression beyond the reach of any psychotherapeutic theory.
I'm satisfied Burns honestly did the best he knew how to with what was available to him in 1980, and his first book was structurally so sound and clear that study support groups have followed it in the decades since, but I believe the now long established acceptance and prominence of CBT (even approved and covered by federal Medicare) is much more a reflection of "Feeling Good" and the individual who wrote it than any unique merits of CBT itself as a theory of mental health. Burns was simply a better writer and personality than Beck, Emery or Albert Ellis (with Ellis' own development of Rational Emotive Therapy).
Within the context of Behavior Modification Therapy, the late Debora Rothman Phillips was likewise a vastly superior therapist and author to the creator of BMT, Joseph Wolpe (who near the end of his life, pathetically pimped out his reputation in a foolish endorsement of Francine Shapiro's EMDR for a peer reviewed clinical journal article which gave EMDR completely unearned credibility in the professional community, launching Shapiro on a totally unearned career as a mental health "expert" with no formally recognized academic credentials in the field aside from an article credited to a possibly senile Wolpe as author), but Phillips (a sharp and incisive clincian who can be seen describing her methodology on YouTube which was made when she was dying) wasn't a prolific author of lengthy books. She published "How to Fall Out of Love" in 1978, and within those mere 135 pages is Behavior Modification Therapy (including the key method of thought stopping) in a nutshell. As David Burns surpassed Aaron Beck in 1980, so did Debora Phillips surpass Joseph Wolpe in 1978. (But Burns took hundreds of pages to do for CBT in 1980 what Phillips did with just 135 pages for BMT in 1978, a publication she and co author Robert Judd revised and expanded to 192 pages in 1985.)
Legally 21 and up or underage if you're diagnosed with a terminal disease that I'll just end up with you sure fire dying in five years.
Obviously mental care should be evaluated and debated but ultimately it should be left to the adult.
Adult? See below...
I don't think there should be an age limit, but a situational evaluation for each person. If there is a way to help, you're given it and seen through correctly to help you out of those feelings, but if there really is no way of helping you then you are allowed to let go.
Katelyn Nicole Davis had NO adult advocate anywhere, and was acting on far more than her subjective feelings when she hung herself. Whether consciously or intuitively (and if you agree that stupid can't be fixed, then you might also agree that intelligence and wisdom are native and inborne), she saw and evaluated what the immediate future held for her and her half sibling toddlers if she didn't do something drastically heroic (and let's be honest about it, if she had not hung herself in front of her camera live for the entire world to see, it would have all gotten swept under the rug by the police authorities in her area and her half siblings might well be dead today, as their meth junkie aunt Daphne who genuinely loved them and was their main babysitter aside from Katie herself actually did die at age 39 less than seven months later).
Several months after Katie hung herself, her mother was busted for drug possession. For all we know, the very fact her mother's alive today may be owed to what her daughter did.
(Any deity that would dare consign Katie to "Hell" or any semblance of purgatory for that act is completely unworthy of any kind of worship or other acknowledgement from anybody!)